{"id":716,"date":"2021-11-12T07:51:14","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T06:51:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoferpoints.it\/lavis\/stele\/"},"modified":"2021-11-12T07:57:35","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T06:57:35","slug":"stele","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/hoferpoints.it\/en\/lavis\/stele\/","title":{"rendered":"Stele"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” bg_color=”rgba(197,196,193,0.3)” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”2%” bottom_padding=”1%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_spacing=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][toggles style=”minimal_small”][toggle color=”Default” title=”Who was Andreas Hofer?”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-3-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”right” column_element_spacing=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text][divider line_type=”no-line” custom_height=”40″]\n

Andreas Hofer is still revered by many in Tyrol as a hero today, more than 250 years after his death.<\/strong><\/p>\n

In any case, he is \u2013 alongside \u00d6tzi and Reinhold Messner \u2013 one of the most famous Tyroleans.
\nHe was born on 22 November 1767 at the Sandhof Inn in St. Leonhard in Passeier and, after a difficult childhood, became captain of a militia company<\/em> in the Passeier Valley. He rose to the command of the Tyroleans in the battles against the Bavarians, who had occupied the land in 1806, as well as against Napoleon\u2019s troops. In the main battles on the Bergisel mountain near Innsbruck (in part supported by Austrian troops) he three times succeeded in repelling superior enemy forces. On 15 August 1809 he established himself in the Hofburg Palace in Innsbruck, where he acted as Regent for two and a half months. On 14 October, in an unexpected turn, Austria was compelled to cede the now re-annexed Tyrol to Bavaria under the Treaty of Sch\u00f6nbrunn. Unable to comprehend this act, Hofer lost the fourth Battle of Bergisel on All Saints\u2019 Day, 1809. In the weeks that followed he paid excessive heed to radical fellow fighters, issuing pointless orders to continue the fighting. The French revenged themselves with terrible retaliatory measures on the local population. At the end of November Hofer fled to a mountain hut, the \u201cPfandleralm\u201d. Betrayed by a compatriot, he was captured there on 27 January 1810 and first taken to Meran with his son Johann, wife Anna and scribe Kajetan Sweth: he was subsequently brought in several stages to Mantua where, on the orders of Napoleon, he was shot on 20 February 1810 following a mock trial. He did not attempt to flee as he was wedded to the belief that he would have to pay for his actions.<\/p>\n[divider line_type=”no-line” custom_height=”20″]\n

Text: Albin Pixner, MuseumPasseier
\nEnglish translation: Gareth Norbury<\/h6>\n
Literature:
\nOberhofer Andreas, Der Andere Hofer. Der Mensch hinter dem Mythos. Schlern-Schriften, 2009.
\nRohrer Josef, Heroes & Hofer. When Andreas Hofer came in the museum. 2009.<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”padding-3-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”left” column_element_spacing=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][image_with_animation image_url=”256″ animation=”Fade In” hover_animation=”none” alignment=”” border_radius=”none” box_shadow=”none” image_loading=”default” max_width=”100%” max_width_mobile=”default”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1636700143760{padding-top: 5% !important;}”]Andreas Hofer, coloured etching of Johann Georg Schedler, 1809. <\/em><\/p>\n
Photo: MuseumPasseier<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][vc_column_text][\/vc_column_text][\/toggle][\/toggles][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” equal_height=”yes” content_placement=”top” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”3%” bottom_padding=”1%” text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none” shape_type=””][vc_column column_padding=”padding-5-percent” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_spacing=”default” background_color=”rgba(197,196,193,0.3)” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_custom_heading text=”Il confine di Lavis” font_container=”tag:h1|font_size:30|text_align:left” use_theme_fonts=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1636699800976{padding-bottom: 3% !important;}”][vc_column_text]L\u2019antica via pi\u00f9 frequentata fra il nord e il sud dell\u2019Europa lungo la vallata dell\u2019Adige trovava qui uno sbarramento naturale segnato dallo scorrere impetuoso del torrente Avisio. Come punto strategico di difesa fu pi\u00f9 volte utilizzato, specie durante le guerre napoleoniche. E fin qui arriv\u00f2 anche la punta estrema dell\u2019avanzata delle genti di lingua tedesca sulla sinistra dell\u2019Adige, tanto da essere ritenuto nei secoli linea di confine tra Germania e Italia e dazio tra le terre tirolesi e il principato vescovile di Trento.
\nPer Lavis passavano ogni giorno mercanti, viandanti, diplomatici, intellettuali, artisti, regnanti e, nei periodi di guerra, anche gli eserciti.
\nFra il 1796 e il 1809 il borgo avisiano soffr\u00ec l\u2019invasione francese per ben tre volte: il 5 settembre 1796, nel febbraio 1797 e il 2 ottobre 1809. Nel corso della rivolta tirolese, a Lavis ebbe luogo una delle battaglie pi\u00f9 importanti e cruente del 1809. Furono un centinaio i caduti tirolesi, senza contare le conseguenze sulla popolazione civile che sub\u00ec il classico saccheggio e fu soggetta alle contribuzioni e all\u2019acquartieramento delle truppe occupanti.
\nLa figura di Andreas Hofer, chiamato \u201csupremo comandante” nelle missive indirizzate ai suoi luogotenenti presenti sul libro di posta di Lavis, e tutta la rivolta tirolese del 1809, vanno viste in chiave europeista ove ogni popolo ha il diritto ed il dovere di difendersi dagli imperialismi e di conservare e tramandare le proprie tradizioni culturali e linguistiche, ma allo stesso tempo ha l\u2019obbligo di aprirsi ad altre culture.<\/p>\n
Andrea Brugnara<\/h6>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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